autumn-06

When Autumn comes, it sometimes comes in a blink of an eye.  One day it is summer and then the next, you notice a subtle crispness in the air.  Then it is pumpkin-spice time, chunky knitted sweaters and knee-high boots are everywhere.  This is the work of the Autumn Equinox. It is also known as Michaelmas, Mabon, and Harvest Home.  It comes without any fanfare.  We pass it on the calendar in its small print in a blink of an eye.

This year, the Autumn Equinox happens approximately at 10:26am EDT on Thursday 22 September 2016.  The sun will rise at 6:44am and set at 6:52pm, giving us 8 minutes more of daylight over night.  The equinoxes happen at the same moment everywhere.  More light is called equilux(“lux” being Latin for light).

Autumnal Equinox Illustration
Autumnal Equinox Illustration

 

Depending on what side of the equator you live, you have different seasons than the opposite side.  The equinox in September in the north is known as the Autumnal(fall) equinox and the one in the south is known as the vernal(spring) equinox.  Each year has two equinoxes, September and March, when the sun shines directly on the equator and length of day and night are almost equal on both sides of the equator.  This equinox occurs the moment the Sun crosses the celestial equator-the imaginary line above the Earth’s equator-from North to South.  This can happen on either September 22, 23, or 24 every year.

Earth Orbits Sun At a Slant
Earth Orbits Sun At a Slant

The angle at which the Earth is tilted at is 23.4º, to the ecliptic, or the imaginary plane Earth’s path creates around the sun.

Both hemispheres are always tilt a little towards the sun on any other day of the year, but on these two days, the Earth’s axis is always perpendicular towards the sun, as illustrated in the picture above.

On the Equinox, the night and day are nearly the same-12 hours-all over the world.  Equinox is derived from the Latin word aequus,  eqi meaning “equal” and nox meaning “night”.  Despite this being commonly accepted definition, in reality, equinoxes don’t exactly have 12 hours of daylight.  If you want to read more about why they don’t have exactly 12 of day, please click HERE.

hello autumn!
hello autumn!

Until December, the days get shorter until the Winter solstice, when the light will make its slow creep back to long summer days.  Technically, Winter Solstice is the shortest day of the year, compared to the summer solstice in June, which has the longest sunlight.

Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 2.0
Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 2.0

Due to the fact that it takes Earth 365.25 days to orbit the Sun and why we have a leap year every year, the precise time of the equinox varies every year.  But usually it happens six hours later on each successive year.  On leap years though, the date jumps back an entire day.

Male Siberian Hamster
Male Siberian Hamster

Brilliant leaves and geomagnetic storms aren’t the only things that ramp up around the time of the autumnal equinox.  The creature world also does too.  Animals at high latitudes also go through biological changes with the changing of the seasons.  For example, the Siberian hamster, experiences the growth of their testes of up to 17 times their normal size in days leading up to when the days get shorter.

The Japanese traditionally mark both the Spring and Autumn Equinox with higan, higan-festivala seven-day period where they honor and remember their ancestors by visiting their graves by cleaning graves and offering flowers and foods, and burning incense sticks and praying.

 

 

 

Priest blessing food and flowers during the Polish Festival of Greenery.
Priest blessing food and flowers during the Polish Festival of Greenery.

In Poland, the Polish celebrate the Polish Festival of Greenery bring bouquets of flowers and foods to a priest for a blessing, and then using them for medicine or keeping them until the following year’s harvest.  The Roman celebration of the Fall Equinox was dedicated to Pomona, goddess of fruits and growing things

A well-fattened goose which had fed well on the stubble on the fields after the harvest is traditionally feasted on.  Ginger is also part of the tradition too.  Every single piece of food that is served that day at the feast is seasoned with ginger from gingerbread to ginger beer.

The last piece of corn that was harvested was made into a doll in England,corn-huskdolls representing the “spirit of the field”.  Drenched in water, this would represent rain or they were burned, representing the death of the spirit of the grain.  Large wickerwork figures are burned in a mock sacrifice or constructed to present a vegetarian spirit.  The large wickerwork figures also represented those two factors as well.  Farmers and merchants gathered at fairs.  Often there would be a large glove was suspended above the fair, symbolizing  the handshake of promises and open-handedness and generosity.

 

Burning Man Galen Oaks 2015
Burning Man Galen Oaks 2015

The “burning man” has seen a revival in the US.  It is celebrated at the end of summer.  It is an enthusiastic festival of performance arts and creativity.  Participating in your own burning man celebration is a powerful way to connect with humanity, past and present.

 

 

Autumn is a great time to still get out and do many activities before having to stay inside all winter.  This is just a small sampling of the many activities celebrated worldwide to usher in the annual Autumn Equinox.

How do you celebrate Autumn Equinox?  Do you look forward to autumn?  Please continue the conversation below.  If you liked this post, click “like” below and share to your favorite social networks.   I hope you enjoyed this post.  Thanks!

 

Till next time…

xo-heather

Last year about this time, I discovered this amazing and unique animal called the Cassowary bird, which is Australia’s biggest species.  If you click the link, you can read more in-depth about this species.

Southern Cassowary
Southern Cassowary

 

I started following the cassowaryrecoveryteam‘s blog last year which sends out updates every couple of weeks.

This week’s’ post is about World Cassowary Day 2016.  Why is this important, you ask?  Why am posting this, you might be wondering?

If you read the post I wrote last year, you may see that these birds are charismatic and fascinating creatures.  They are truly a living dinosaur.  The Cassowary bird is considered a keystone species by conservationists.  They maintain the diversity of the rainforest, and play a key role in maintaining the ecological balance in the rainforest.

Cassowary & chick
Cassowary & chick

They have also become cultural icons for the wider community and an important part of the local landscape and identity of the Wet Tropics community.  the recently amalgamated Cassowary Coast Regional Council has adopted the cassowary as a part of their logo and corporate identify.

southern cassowary
southern cassowary

The Southern Cassowary Casuarius(casuarius johnsonii) is listed as a threatened species internationally and under State and Commonwealth legislation in Australia. The southern cassowary is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

cassowarystickersmall

World Cassowary Day will be held in the Daintree this year from 10am to 2pm on 24 August 2016.  It will be at the Daintree Rainforest Observatory, 3701 Cape Tribulation Road, Cape Tribulation, Australia.  There will be complimentary free parking and there will be signs posted for directions to the observatory.  Activities include over 30 stalls about cassowaries and other wildlife, music performances, wildlife displays, face painting, and other activities for the kids.  There will be speakers there presenting on topics such as the world’s three different species of cassowaries, the Daintree blockade, tracking cassowaries through their poo, cassowary seed dispersal, conserving cassowary habit and a history of cassowary conservation.  The film, No Wabu, No Wuju, No Gunduy (No Rainforest, No Food, No Cassowary) will be shown.  For more on World Cassowary Day, click HERE.

 

World Cassowary Day 2016
World Cassowary Day 2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you live in Australia near there or are going to be in Australia near there on those dates, I highly recommend checking this out.

Here is a video with a bit of information on the Cassowary and some up close and personal encounter with one.

Have you ever met a Cassowary?  Have you ever attended a World Cassowary Day or plan to attend this years?  I’d love for you to comment below and continue the conversation.  If you liked this post, please like and share.  Thanks 🙂

Till next time…

xo-heather

 

I read a lot of things on the internet, especially the paranormal and the unexplained.  Whether it’s fact or fiction, I like a good and intriguing story.  I came across this one the other day that I thought you might be interested in.  I will leave it up to you to decide.

dtgr
The Devil’s Tramping Ground, near the Harper’s Crossroads area in Bear Creek, North Carolina.

The Devil’s Tramping Ground is a camping spot in a forest near the Harper’s Crossroads area in Bear Creek, North Carolina. It has been the subject of persistent local legends and lore, which often allege that the Devil “tramps” and haunts a barren circle of ground in which nothing can grow. It has often been noted on lists of unusual place names.

Strange stories are known locally about the ring.  Such stories are that dogs yap and howl, things left in the middle of it disappear overnight, and strange events occur to those brave enough to spend the night in the middle of it.  In the past 100 years, nothing has grown within 40 feet of it.  Legend has it that this is the very place that the Devil himself can rise from the fiery depths of hell, and come to earth.  On certain nights, the Devil supposedly able to walk in circles here and bring evil to this world.

Legend has it that people who spend the night in this circle are never sane again.  Many people have reported strange shadows among the treeline watching them.  They’ve also seen pairs of red eyes from within the circle and the sound of footsteps in and around the area.  Teens especially like to test their bravery.  One teen recounted his experience when he and his friends stood in the circle, “It felt like a large hand rose from the ground and grabbed my heart.  I fell to my knees…it hurt so bad…I couldn’t move.”  It wasn’t until he apologized to the entity for trespassing that he was finally released.

There is also other legends that state the vengeful spirits of the Waxhaw Indians were slaughtered and buried there beneath the infertile soul hundreds of years ago.  Their restless spirits now kill anything that spends too much time on their grave.

Animals completely avoid the circle.  A visitor’s dog choked itself on its leash to avoid the middle of the circle.  Others have witnessed small animals dying on the edge of the circle.

witches in woods1
cult of satanic worshippers in woods

There have also been reports of satanic rituals taking place within the circle.  During the 1970s and 80s, it is believed that a small cult of devil worshippers used the area for the sacrifice of animals in unholy worship.

 

 

lady dtgr
The Devil’s Tramping Ground back in the 1950s

However, the camping spot is in fact mostly bare, though there is some vegetation, as indicated in the photo above.  Objects as well as campers have stayed and remained in the circle overnight.  The site is often littered with trash, beer cans, and bottles, as well as “spooky” spray-painting on nearby trees.  All of which suggest that the local youth are the “nighttime” trampers.

road signThe Devil’s Tramping Ground is said to be a perfect circle, 40 feet across, the perimeter of which is a path about a foot wide.  It is about 50 miles south of Greensboro off a quiet, tree-lined country road.  It is apparently not easy to find and be ready for some mild off-road hiking, rural driving, and super-natural phenomenon.

 

 

Fact or fiction?  I leave it up to you to decide.  If you like this post, please tic “like”.  I always welcome feedback from my post or anything else in the comments below.

Till next time~

xo-heather

In Old English, September is called Haervest-monath(Harvest Month).  This is time when the harvest is gathered, ready and put up for the winter months.  September’s name comes from the Latin word septem, meaning “seven”.  This month

Mary Howitt quote meme

 

This year, Labor Day, (the first Monday in September), falls on the 5th.  Did you know Canadians also celebrate Labour Day as well?

Patriot Day is observed in the U.S. on 11 September or 9/11.

patriots day

Grandparents’ Day is also celebrated on 11 September  too!  Please honor your grandparents(if you still have them) today and every day.  I have two Grandma’s left whom are alive and kicking in their 80s! 🙂

grandparents-day-1-550x320

Fall is right around the corner!  The Autumnal Equinox falls on 23 September this year.  At this moment, there is an equal amount of daylight and darkness hours in a day.  Find you current sunrise and sunset HERE.

Seasonearth_copy.jpg.650x0_q70_crop-smart

The month is then wrapped up on 29 September with Michealmas, an ancient Celtic “Quarter Day”.  This day was marked with the end of the harvesting and steeped heavily in folklore.

St. Micheal
St. Micheal

Some seasonal all-time favorites to bake would be:

Apple Pie Recipe by Grandma Ople
Apple Pie Recipe by Grandma Ople

 

Autumn Cheesecake Recipe
Autumn Cheesecake Recipe
Apple Crisp Recipe
Apple Crisp Recipe

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This is a great time Martins on TM12 300to prepare winter bird seed for those of our feathered friends who stay around in the winter.

 

 

Full Harvest Moon
Full Harvest Moon

 

 

The Full Harvest Moon will be making its annual appearance on 16 September 2016 3:05P.M. EST.  There will also be other night sky events going on this month as well.

 

Some Folklore For This Month:

  • Heavy September rains bring drought
  • September blow soft, till the fruit’s in the loft
  • Married in September’s golden glow, smooth and serene your life will go
  • If the storms of September clear off warm,  the storms of the following winter will be warm
  • Fair on September 1st, fair for the month
September's Flower-Asteraceae(Aster amellus)
September’s Flower-Asteraceae(Aster amellus)
Sapphire, September's Birth Stone, which was once thought to guard against poisioining and evil
Sapphire, September’s Birthstone, which was once thought to guard against poisoning and evil
September's other flower, the Morning Glory(Convolvulaceae)
September’s other flower, the Morning Glory(Convolvulaceae)

 

fall is here
I’m excited! Are you?

What are you looking forward to(or baking) this fall?  I’d love for you to continue the conversation below.  And if you’ve liked this post, please tic like below and give it a share if you’ve really liked it.  Thanks 🙂

Till next time~

xo-heather

It’s Been Quite Some Time…

well hello there gorgeous

It’s been quite some time since I last posted.  Last October in fact!   I was kinda disinterested in maintaining this blog and lack all motivation in keeping this going.

My priorities have changed now and I think that it is a really good idea to keep this going.  My original intent is still here and I think it is a good thing to have this creative outlet to come to if I need to vent or to simply put something out there.  Blogging is also very therapeutic too as well.

I don’t intend this to be an online diary of my day to day activities.  I have my own personal journal on my nightstand that I put my pen to paper.  I still intend to post own original work here and other things that I love as well as things that inspire me that I hope in turn inspire you as well.  Think of it as a peek into my soul  and to who I am.

I invite you to come follow me, into the wild unknown.  Journey into the depths of a soul, of a story that has many, many levels, that are not always simple, cut & dry.

4f59d81901aebab4456674b7d3921451
Come journey with me…

 

 

Till next time-

xo-heather

 

 

Private Writings; 10 Years In the Business of Writing Laudable Essays

study-hard
Is this familiar? I have been there myself plenty of times :/

 

If you are a student in high school, college, university, book author, or even if you write book reviews, editorials, need something ghost written, and or need any sort of paper written, you may find yourself in need of a paper written that you cannot do yourself for whatever reason.  At times, writing a paper can be extremely frustrating and you may find yourself struggling with writer’s block, a short time frame for when it is due, the lack of resources available for you to write the paper, or you’re just not into the topic of the assignment.  Maybe it is just too much at the time because you are juggling other projects and deadlines at the same time, so

plagarismyou decide to just have someone else write it for you.  But why pay a ton of money to someone or some website you don’t know and don’t trust and risk your career and your reputation by getting cited for plagiarism?  Ugh, what a word that makes me cringe!  Private Writing is just the site for you to get the top quality paper that you need to finish up the assignment.

Privatewriting.com, established in 2005, is a private essay writing service that has been in existence since 2005.  They offer a confidential service in which you send your assignment requirement to their automated service and pay at that time.  Once Private Writing has your payment, they begin working on your paper immediately.  Every assignment is given a unique tracking number so you can log in at any time to check the status of your assignment and communicate with the writer who is writing your essay.  Upon completion, your essay is delivered right to your email.  You’re allowed to set the time-frame for writing your essay, but they recommend you send it in plenty of time so there is enough time for the writer to thoroughly research to write the best paper.

They currently employ over 7500 writers whose expertise are in vast fields of studies with different degrees.  Depending on your specific area of academia, it will depend on what writer will be assigned to do your paper.

Plagiarism and passing all related checks will not be a problem because they use the latest software to check your paper before giving it to you plus they give you a guarantee that after emailing your paper to you it will never be sold nor given to anyone else again.

On their FAQ page, they answer many more questions on their services plus getting more in-depth on the paper writing specifics, which you can find HERE.

Right off Private Writing’s main page, they’ve outline who they are and what they offer.  You can create your account right from there too, as well as talking to live support if you have any questions.  If Live Support isn’t there, you can leave a message and they will get back to you within 24 hours.

You can also request your order from the top of the main page too.  And if you’re not entirely sure on how much it will cost, you can always request a custom quote and you can rest assure that you are getting a low-cost, honest quote.  They want to help you out 100% without charging you an arm and a leg as much as you need the help.  If you aren’t satisfied, then they aren’t either.  They will do everything humanly possible to make sure your paper comes out to your satisfaction, no matter how many revisions it takes, working between you and the writer.  Still not satisfied in the end?  They’ll refund all your money back.  Check out their page outlining their satisfaction guarantee.  It’s amazing!  How many companies can claim that kind of guarantee that these days?

To help you out with writing your papers or essay, they have links to “Popular Articles” on their sites.  For example, there are articles on how to format your essay, what is an essay, just general topics to help you write an essay paper better.  These articles are full good essay guidelines to know for the future.

Another section is on recent papers that have been written.  Obviously only six examples of real essays that have been requested  are posted out of hundreds that have been written.  It gives a potential customer a good idea of the vast range of writers out there and their even more vast range of the knowledge pool that they have.  Obviously, you want top-notch, well-written, informative essays, not kid stuff.  A great example has been written about the scientific basis for defining seasons is found here.

The one I did not find on their site and maybe they can put it somewhere on a page or even make a separate page for it.  I didn’t see what languages they publish their papers in and what languages their writers write in.  I cannot imagine that only English-speaking people would use this service.  Also, is this service available globally or in just specific parts of the world?

Private Writings is a highly organized site with meticulous practices that guarantees a high-quality, plagiarism free paper and they stand full-force behind that too.  If it isn’t up to yours standards, they will make the revisions until it is right.  This is a perfect service, a trustworthy alternative, highly reputable, and a great value to anyone in need of any sort of paper.

Have you ever paid to use an online writing service or paid someone offline to write a paper for you?  What was your experience with it?  Would you use that particular method again?  I’d love to hear your experiences and you can keep the conversation going by leaving your comments below.  Thanks!

Have a great day and see you next time!

***Disclaimer: This post was sponsored by Private Writings.  All opinions are completely my own.***

Solar Eclipse
Solar Eclipse

The following are the solar and lunar eclipses for the next two years:

 

08 March 2016: Total Eclipse of the Sun This eclipse will not be visible from North America but will be visible from northern and eastern Asia, northern and western Australasia and Indian Ocean.

 

23 March 2016: Penumbral Eclipse of the Moon This eclipse will be visible from North America. Western regions will be able to see the entire eclipse. In Eastern regions the Moon will be very close to the horizon and only the beginning of the eclipse will be visible before the Moon sets. The Moon will enter the penumbra at 5:37 A.M. EDT and will leave the penumbra at 9:57 A.M.

 

01 September 2016: Annular Eclipse of the Sun This eclipse will not be visible from North America but will be visible from Africa, Indian Ocean and Antarctica.

 

16 September 2016: Penumbral Eclipse of the Moon This eclipse will not be visible from North America but will be visible from Australasia, Asia, Africa, Europe and South America.

A Rare Lunar Astronomical Event Presents Itself Tonight

 

"Blood Moon"
“Blood Moon”

Hi, everyone.  Is everyone excited and have their cameras ready for tonight’s rare astronomical event tonight? Say what you ask.  Tonight, there will be a super moon plus a total lunar eclipse Sunday night (or Monday morning, depending on where you live).  It hasn’t happened since 1982 and won’t happen again until 2033. If younger than 33, this will be their first-ever chance to see this and you don’t want to miss this.

When a full or new moon makes an approach closest to earth (perigee), it is a super moon.  Although it is still 220,000 million miles away, the moon will still look brighter and bigger than usual.  30% brighter and 14% larger than when it is at its further point (apogee), a difference of 31,000 miles.  It fact, it is the closest moon of the year, at only 30,000 miles closer than the average difference.

This will be the fourth lunar eclipse in only two years and, like the other three, also falling on a Jewish holiday (in many parts of the world, but not in the US, which is a different time zone).  The eclipse marks the end of a tetrad, or a series of four total lunar eclipses set six months.  This series began in April 2014.  This tetrad has occurred seven times since the birth of Jesus.

That’s not all. When the full Moon goes into Earth’s shadow, astronomers call it a total lunar eclipse.   The super moon will be bathed in the blood-red light of a total eclipse.  The light that is going around the edges of the Earth’s and being filtered through the atmosphere creates a caste an eerie red light that makes the “blood moon”.  Typically happens every year or two. But the media have started referring to this event as a “Blood Moon.” Maybe that derives from several Bible passages, such as Revelation 6:12:  “And I beheld when he had opened the sixth seal, and, lo, there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood;” —which kind of suggests that the end of the world is approaching.

Old fresco with beautiful woman appearing as Moon from Palazzo Vecchio in Florence.
Old fresco with beautiful woman appearing as Moon from Palazzo Vecchio in Florence.

The full eclipse of the moon will last more than an hour and be visible, weather permitting, from North and South America, Europe, Africa, and western Asia.  The best time to view it from the U.S. East Coast is 10:11 p.m. EDT (0211 GMT), that’s when the moon, Earth and sun will be lined up, with the Earth’s shadow totally obscuring the moon.  The Moon will enter the penumbra at 8:10 p.m. EDT and the umbra at 9:07 p.m. on September 27th; totality begins at 10:11 p.m. The Moon will leave the umbra at 11:24 p.m. and the penumbra at 1:24 a.m. on September 28th.

lunar-eclipse-september-2015

In Europe, the action will unfold before dawn Monday.  No matter where, the eclipse will begin two hours earlier.

Observatories are marking the celestial event with public telescope viewing, although magnifying devices won’t be necessary; the eclipse will be easily visible with the naked eye.  Astronomers are urging stargazers to simply look to the east.

The 21st century will see eight of these tetrads, an uncommonly good run.  From 1600 to 1900, there were none.

This mysterious moon brings about a mix of astronomical canonicals, the Jewish calendar, and possibly even Doomsday.  So a certain crowd of people have prepared for the imminent calamity.

John Hagee and Mark Blitz, a Christian evangelical minister from Houston, who has stirred who controversy with his sermons (and books and television broadcasts) has claimed that tonight’s lunar eclipse has religious significance.  He contends that it will bring about the end of the end of the world-an idea that is sometimes called the “blood moon prophecy”.  They say this moon signals a downward spiral into dark times.  The two men have spent some of their limited remaining time on Earth in a tiff about who had the revelation first.

The Mormons are also equally distraught, as they also fearing an earthquake or a military invasion will hit Utah upon the moon’s rise.  They have been stockpiling food in anticipation of the event, and survival supplies are flying off the shelves,

And other people, of course, like me, are just eagerly anticipating the epic stargazing event.    I am looking forward to getting some amazing pictures.  You’ll find me at some remote local with an unobstructed view far away from city lights, weather pending of course.

I have provided a schedule for you guys that you may print if you wish too.

Printable Eclipse Schedule
Printable Eclipse Schedule

NASA will give a live video feed of the entire eclipse-an option for when clouds obscure you own view tonight.

And who knows?  It might be the last moon you ever see.  I will post some pictures in a few days if it isn’t cloudy here.

Will you be out watching the lunar eclipse tonight?  Are you going by yourself or other people?  Will you be taking photos?  Do you believe the moon tonight is bringing on doomsday or is it a bunch of baloney?  I’d love to hear your answers below!

Australia’s Biggest Birds-A Keystone Species and A Cultural Icon

Southern Cassowary(from the Malay name kasuari) or double-wattled cassowary, Casuarius casuarius, found in southern New Guinea, northeastern Australia, and the Aru Islands, mainly in lowlands.
Southern Cassowary(from the Malay name kasuari) or double-wattled cassowary, Casuarius casuarius, found in southern New Guinea, northeastern Australia, and the Aru Islands, mainly in lowlands.

In honor of celebrating cassowaries and their friends on World Cassowary Day on 26 September 2016 in Australia.  Today is the day to wear the colors of a Cassowary, which are red, blue, and black.  These are very important icons of Australia and deserve a day of recognition to their contribution of spreading plant life throughout the rainforests and being a significant species through the northern part of Australia.

 

Cassowaries are part of a species of birds known as “ratites”.  They are called such because they are flightless birds who lack a keel on their sternum.

Distribution of Australia's Cassowary.
Distribution of Australia’s Cassowary.

They are part of the genus Casuarius and are native to the lush, tropical, forests of New Guinea, nearby islands, and northeastern Australia.  There are also three extinct species.  The most common is species is the southern Cassowary, which is the third tallest and second heaviest living bird.  They are smaller than the ostrich and the emu.  Northern Australia, humid rainforests, and the nearby small islands are home to the Cassowary. They will often venture out into swampy forests, grasslands, palm scrub, and savannas, but it is unclear if some of the islands populations of the birds is because of trade or if they naturally originate there.  For the purpose of this piece, we will only be talking about the southern Cassowary, unless otherwise indicated.

Though the species are truly omnivorous, their diet consists mainly of fruits(called frugivores), as well as a variety of other foods including fungi, insects, frogs, flowers, snails, fish, birds, mice, rats, carrion, shoots, and grass seeds as well as small invertebrates and vertebrates.  Some important fruits of their diets are nightshades, wild grape, palm, myrtle, laurel, and podocarp.

Cassowary Plume & Flower
Cassowary Plume & Flower

Since the Cassowary eat whole fruits and the redistribute the seeds through their excrement wherever they go, they have been considered a keystone species of the jungle.

The Cassowaries are usually a shy creature, but when provoked, they are very dangerous and can inflict fatal injuries onto humans and dogs.

As well as being shy, these birds are also very elusive.  They are able to disappear into the forests before they are seen by humans.

The female Cassowaries are larger and display brighter colors than the males.

Cassowary Skull
Cassowary Skull
Southern Cassowary Color Diagram
Southern Cassowary Color Diagram

Adult Cassowaries generally from 4.9ft-5.9ft tall, although it has been recorded that some females may reach a height of 6.6ft.  Females can weigh up to 129lbs, while males can weigh up to 75lbs.  40-50 years is thought to be the lifespan of a Cassowary in a zoo, whereas only 12-19 in the wild.  They major in 2 1/2 to 3 years of age.

Cassowary Feather
Cassowary Feather

The Cassowaries feathers consist of a shaft and have loose barbules.  They lack a preen gland and tail feathers.  Their small wings have 5-6 remerges that are reduced to keratinous, stiff quills, similar to a porcupine’s quills, but without the barbs on their tiny wings.  It is thought that their wedged-shaped body is shaped this way as an adaption to push through the vines and sharp leaves through the bush and the rainforest.

The inner toe is formed into a long dagger-like claw that can be a formidable weapon.
The inner toe is formed into a long dagger-like claw that can be a formidable weapon.

On each second finger on both feet, the Cassowaries have a claw.  Their dagger-like claw on their foot, in the medial position, is 5 inches in length.  It can be used as a lethal weapon when a Cassowary kicks its powerful legs out in defense.  With these legs, they’re able to run up to 45mph in the dense forests of Australia.  They are

A pair of Cassowaries take a stroll on a beach.
A pair of Cassowaries take a stroll on a beach.

excellent swimmers, able to cross wide rivers and swim in the sea plus they can jump up to 5 feet high.

Two of the three cassowary species have wattles, or bare, fleshy pouches of skin

Wattle of a Southern Cassowary
Wattle of a Southern Cassowary

that hang from the neck: southern or double-wattled cassowaries and northern or single-wattled cassowaries. The wattles are brightly colored blue, red, gold, purple, or white, depending on the species or subspecies. It is thought that the wattles are to help show the bird’s mood or relay other social cues known only to the cassowaries.

The casque starts to develop on top of their head at one to two years of age. The casque is made of a sponge-like material and covered with a thick layer of keratin, the same thing our fingernails are made of. Although it is quite sturdy, the casque can be squeezed in the middle fairly easily.
The casque starts to develop on top of their head at one to two years of age. The casque is made of a sponge-like material and covered with a thick layer of keratin, the same thing our fingernails are made of. Although it is quite sturdy, the casque can be squeezed in the middle fairly easily.

A spongy, horn-like but soft crest called casques sits atop every three species of a Cassowary’s head.  Several theories have been proposed for the purpose of the casque.  One theory suggests that it helps them plow through the underbrush of the dense forests.  Another says that it is used as a weapon in battle.  Still another theory says it is a secondary sex characteristic.  Some other speculations say that it is used to push aside leaves and other debris whilst foraging, as a weapon, and to help maneuver through the underbrush.

Most of theories have been disputed. Biologist Andrew Mack has disputed the last three theories.  Through his personal observations, he hypothesizes that the casque amplifies deep sounds.

An earlier article published prior to Andrew Mack’s theory suggests that the casque might be a form of protective headgear because whilst charging through the forest they run into trees.  Cassowaries also spend a lot of time under trees, foraging for seeds and wild fruits, where seeds the size of golf balls from over 10 feet high, where the casque would protect their heads by deflecting the fruit.

Cassowaries maintain a solitary life, except when laying eggs, during the breeding, and occasionally around ample food sources.

The territory of a Cassowary is about 1700 acres for a male, which he will defend for him and his mate.  There are usually several females whom overlap the territory of a single male.  The females may move between territories to mate with the same male or several related males during their lifetimes, but they will generally stay with one male in the same territory their whole life.

 

Cassowary eggs come in different colors. They are also the second smallest only to Emu eggs
Cassowary eggs come in different colors. They are also the second smallest only to Emu eggs

The breeding season begins in May or June, where the female will lay a clutch of three to eight eggs, bright green or pale green-blue eggs in color in a prepared heap of leaf litter.  The eggs measure 3.5in.  x 5.5in.  An egg can weigh up to 20 ounces.  The eggs of an ostrich and an emu are the only bigger eggs.  The female will then go on to lay eggs in the nests of other males.  The male will then incubate the eggs, maintaining a constant temperature for 50-52°F by painstakingly removing or adding leaf litter to regulate this temperature.  After the eggs hatch, he then maintains sole responsibility and vigil of protecting and rearing those brown-stripped chicks for nine months.  He will fiercely protect them from all potential predators, including humans as well as other animals.  After those nine months, those young males will go off to find a territory of their own.

The meat of the Cassowary is quite tough.  It is said that you are to cook it with a stone.  When the stone is ready to eat, so is the Cassowary.

The southern Cassowary is in decline and in is endangered in Queensland,

Southern Cassowary
Southern Cassowary

Australia.  Only about 20%-25% remain.  Loss of habit is a major contribution to this decline.  55%% or 140 cases of mortality were accounted for by automobile fatalities.  5 cases were from hunting, 1 was from being entangled by wire, and 4 had to be euthanized for they had attacked humans.  Natural causes included 4 cases of tuberculosis, general natural causes, and 18 cases were from unknown circumstances.

When Cyclone Yesi destroyed a large part of a Cassowary habitat in 2011, 200 birds were endangered, which accounted for 10%% of Australia’s Cassowary population.

Aborginal PiecesSome of the Highland Societies in New Guinea capture Cassowary chicks to raise them as semi-tamed livestock or for use as ceremonial gift-exchanges and for food.

 

 

 

 

Feather Profile 8x11

 

In folklore, Cassowaries have had a reputation for being dangerous to both humansCassowary Clip Art and domestic animals.  Australian troops stationed near New Guinea during WWII were warned to stay far away from them.  In 1958, Ernest Thomas Gilliard, an ornithologist, wrote in his book, “Living Birds of the World”: “The inner or second of the three toes is fitted with a long, straight, murderous nail which can sever an arm or eviscerate an abdomen with ease.  There are many records of natives being killed by this bird.”

Gregory S. Paul backed up this claim again in print in 1988, as well as Jared Diamond in 1997.  150 Cassowary attacks were against humans in 2003.  75% was because humans were feeding Cassowaries.  71% of the time the Cassowary charged or chase the victim.  15% of the time they were kicked.  Of these attacks, it was because the bird was snatching or expecting food.  Natural food sources were being defended 5% of the time.  The Cassowary was defending themselves 15% of the time from attacks.  Defending their eggs or chicks was account for 75 of the time.  In all the 150 attacks, there was only 1 human fatality.

On April the 6th, 1923, two brothers, aged 13 and 16, found a Cassowary on their property.  They decided to strike it maliciously with clubs to kill it.  The bird managed to kick the younger boy, who ran away.  Whilst the older brother continued to club the bird, he tripped and fell to the ground.  Whilst he was on the ground, the Cassowary was able to kick the boys’ neck, ripping open a .49 inch wound, which may very well have been his jugular vein.  The boy died shortly afterwards from him his injuries.

Very rarely do Cassowaries strike in the abdomen.  There is but one case in which a dog a dog who succumbed to such an injury in 1995.  There was no puncture wound, but severe bruising, but the dog later passed away from an apparent intestinal rupture.

The casque could also work much like a hornbill’s casque does in helping the bird make sounds. The Cassowaries can produce very low-frequency sounds, called booms, that help them communicate through the dense rain forest, so perhaps the theory that Andrew Mack proposed that says casque helps with that in some way. Females tend to have a larger casque than males.

Cassowaries also hiss and whistle to communicate, and clap their bills or rumble when making a threat. The rumble is so low and powerful that keepers working with the birds report they can feel it in their bones.

In Australia, most of the remaining habitat of the southern cassowary is now located within protected areas. A recovery plan for the species has been drawn up by the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service, with the aim of securing and enhancing the status of the southern cassowary in Australia through integrated conservation initiatives.  In New Guinea, further data on population numbers is required and hunting restrictions may need to be imposed. This awesome bird belongs to an ancient lineage and is one of the most striking of the flightless birds; its conservation has important cultural and ecological significance.

front of Cassowary card

Cassowaries need help to survive

back of Cassowary card

 

View information on this species at the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre.

To help conserve this species by working in the field with Earthwatch, click here.

Find out more about the Southern Cassowary and its conservation:

 

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Birds are the wildlife we interact with the most.  I hear and even see birds every single day.  I am sometimes awake before them too.  I would miss them if they weren’t there.  I love to observe all the different kinds of birds in my yard and at the places we go.  I also love to take photographs of them too.  Taking photos of them is not only a great way to document them but also a great way to develop my skills as a photographer.

But each year that goes by, we are seeing less and less birds.  Even the “common” birds are becoming less “common”.  Nearly a quarter of the United States birds’ species are slipping silently into the annals of history.

Birds like the Greater Sage-grouse, Piping Plover, and the Cerulean Warbler are falling victim to the growing list of threats.

They may go the way of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker.  Because of its massive size, nearly 36 inch wingspan, it still captures the hearts and imaginations of birders all over the US.

Male Ivory-billed Woodpecker
Male Ivory-billed Woodpecker

Although officially classified as definitely or probably extinct, the Ivory-billed Woodpecker still continues to generate reports of sightings as well as continued intensive research into these said sightings.  It’s very distinguished by their size, these woodpeckers are also marked by white markings on their neck and back, extensive white trails edge their upper as well as underneath their wings, pale yellow eyes, and ivory-colored bills.  The males have a bright red crest.  A large triangle of white is seen on their back when their wings are folded.  Often times it is confused with the Pileated Woodpecker because it is of similar size and bears similar markings as well.

Pileated Woodpecker
Pileated Woodpecker

The territory of the Ivory-billed was once throughout most of the Southwestern US and as far north as southern Illinois.   These woodpeckers were thought to mate for life.  Due to the widespread destruction of their original habitats, almost all that is known from them is from old reports and hand-drawn illustrations.

 

A team from Cornell Lab of Ornithology claimed to have spotted one in a swamp in 2004, but it was later proved inconclusive.  The Ivory-billed Woodpecker is often referred to as the “Holy Grail” of Ornithology.  It hasn’t been seen since 1944, but people across the country continue to hold out hope for its existence.

There are some easy things you can do on your own property and in your own backyard today to make it a bird-friendly habitat.

Learn to indentify non-native invasive flora and fauna from your region and work to remove them from your yard.  Don’t bring any invasives into your yard!  Invasives don’t provide as much good food or habitat as natives do, and can threaten healthy ecosystems.

Invasives vs. Noninvasives Root Systems
Invasives vs. Noninvasives Root Systems

Let your yard get a little bit messy.  Leave snags for nesting places and stack downed tree limbs to create a brush pile, which is a great source of cover for birds during bad weather.

A beautiful mess can be great cover!
A beautiful mess can be great cover!

Create or protect water sources in your yard-birds need water to drink and bath in, just like we do.  Be sure to clean and change the water three times a week, especially during mosquito breeding season.

The typical bird bath...
The typical bird bath…

 

....can be quite refreshing, especially on a hot day!...
….can be quite refreshing, especially on a hot day!…

Close your blinds at night and turn off lights you aren’t using.  Some birds use constellations to guide them during their annual migrations and the bright lights can disrupt their sense of migrations.

dark-birds

You can also watch for birds, count the, photograph, and even identify them too.  A good place to go to identify them is Audubon’s Field Guides, which all available in print at any fine book store, as well as online too at www.audubonbirds.org.  You can also find out more information to make your home and yard more bird friendly at www.audubonnathome.org.

 

How have you made your yard and home more bird friendly?  Do you enjoy watching birds or photographing birds?  What birds have you seen lately?  Do you have any favorite species of birds?  Are you a bird owner?  Please feel free to comment below-I would love to hear your answers!

 

***Please note I am in no way affiliated with Audubon nor is this post sponsored by Audubon.  I just love birds and wildlife and wildlife preservation and I thought you might enjoy a brief piece on this topic as well 🙂***